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Definition
A persuasive speech is a speech aimed at influencing values, ideas,
beliefs and attitudes of the audience. Pragmatically, a persuasive
speech is used to convince people to come a different idea, attitude
and belief, react to something, consider doing things they were
previously unwilling to do.
Characteristics
There are three types of persuasive speeches:
1) a persuasive speech on a factual matter,
2) a persuasive speech on an axiological
matter (a matter of value)
3) a persuasive speech on a matter of
policy.
A speaker should realize that the message he/she carries to
the audience is modified due to additional factors such as ethos,
logos and pathos. Ethos is a complex of a speaker's personal
characteristics: educational level, hidden values, articulation
peculiarities, and presentation skills. Logos is an appeal to the
intellect and rationality of listeners. The notion of pathos
incorporates emotional loading of a persuasive speech and the appeal
to basic values of the audience. A persuasive speaker should be well
aware that there are types kinds of proofs: artistic proofs and
inartistic ones. A speaker specially elaborates artistic proofs,
whereas inartistic ones cannot be fully predicted and controlled
(these are weather, location, etc.)
Structure/outline
The structure of a persuasive speech is grounded on three
fundamentals: identifying the need, providing a plan of solution,
proving the practicality of the solution. When a speaker strives to
persuade his/her listeners not to do something, the structure of the
speech should be oriented on establishing the impracticality of
performing the actions.
Accordingly, a model outline of a persuasive speech is based on a
so-called Monroe's motivational sequence. Monroe's motivational
sequence is a five-stage scheme of proving the necessity of some
changes, actions, etc. The scheme comprises:
a) Attracting attention of the audience to some problem that
needs solution (with the help of a startling opening, visual aids,
statistics, etc.);
b) Proving the need for improvements and changes of a situation:
different kinds of testimonies should be provided to demonstrate
inefficiency of existing methods of solving the problem. The audience
should be ready to absorb the new one as revolutionary, promising,
positive.
c) Giving 'satisfaction' to the need: displaying a new workable
solution to the problem and making sure the audience has understood
your explanations. Bright details often facilitate learning of the new
information.
d) Making the visualization of practical benefits, which a new
solution brings. The visualization can be realized with the help
visual aids, language imagery, and emotional presentation.
e) Motivating the audience to act according to your plan. In the
final part of the motivational speech, it is expedient that the
speaker recalls the initial problem and systematizes the benefits of
his/her innovative solution.
A speaker can choose one of two essential patterns of giving proofs:
- A point-by-point pattern when a convincing argument follows
every problematic statement;
- A specific point pattern when a statement is supported with an
array of following arguments.
Topics/basic concepts
Typical of a persuasive speech is an opposition of concepts because a
speaker should convince the audience to choose a relatively better
complex of ideas, patterns, and actions.
Requirements
Critical for a persuasive speech are aspects such as
1) audibility of
the presentation;
2) credibility of a speaker;
3) emotionality of a
delivery.
General requirements of logical structuring and skillful
representation apply as well.
Further information on Persuasive Speech:
Sample Persuasive Speech: Career objectives
Sample Persuasive Speech: Global warming is real/not real
Sample Persuasive Speech: Human cloning (moral?)
Sample Persuasive Speech: Single parent adoption (yes/no)
Sample Persuasive Speech: Video games do/do not promote violence
Sample Persuasive Speech: Marijuana should/should not be legalized
Sample Persuasive Speech: Juveniles should/should not be tried as adults
Sample Persuasive Speech: Using cell phones while driving is dangerous
Sample Persuasive Speech: The case for/against genetically modified food
Sample Persuasive Speech: Love is more powerful than hate
Sample Persuasive Speech: Sale of human organs should be legal/illegal
Sample Persuasive Speech: Gun companies should/should not be held Responsible for gun crimes
Sample Persuasive Speech: Does television have a negative influence on society?
Sample Persuasive Speech: Is sport really good for us?
Sample Persuasive Speech: Should We be in Iraq?
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Read More:
Public Speaking: Questions and Answers
Fount of Eloquence: Public Speaking Tips
Quick Test: Define Your Style of Speaking
Speak Persuasively: Tips for Public Speaker
Conflicts Moderation
Wedding Speech: Preparatory Research
Wedding Speech: Creating Outline
Wedding Speech: Presentation Techniques
Pitfalls of a Wedding Speech
Quotes about Speech
Inspirational Quotes
Sample Speeches
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